SCWK - Social Work

Courses numbered 500 to 799 = undergraduate/graduate. (Individual courses may be limited to undergraduate students only.) Courses numbered 800 to 999 = graduate.

SCWK 521.  Forensic Social Work   (3).

Cross-listed as CJ 521. Introduction to and overview of the field of forensic social work. Course content focuses on the role of social workers in forensic arenas, and the issues related to recent practice trends, relevant theoretical frameworks, collaborative team roles, and multisystem interactions. Psychosocial and legal issues are explored, with particular focus on intersections with family and social services, education, child welfare, mental health, substance abuse, criminal justice, diversity and human rights. Prerequisite(s): 6 hours of social sciences.

SCWK 531.  Social Work Practice in Addictions   (3).

Prepares students for social work practice in the field of substance abuse and to intervene effectively when working in other areas where addictions are a concern. Includes content on the epidemiology of alcoholism and drug addiction, intervention approaches and prevention, public policy toward the regulation of drugs and their consequences, and the treatment of chemical dependency among special populations. Included in the curriculum to fulfill requirements for the Licensed Addiction Counselor (LAC) with the Behavioral Sciences Regulatory Board (BSRB). The program requires an addiction treatment focused practicum. Interested students should be advised by the social work adviser assigned to this program. Replaces SCWK 610V effective fall 2013.

SCWK 532.  Pharmacology and Drug Classification in Social Work   (3).

Prepares students for social work practice in the field of substance abuse and to intervene effectively when working in other areas where addiction may be a concern. It includes psychological, physiological and sociological effects of mood altering substances and behaviors and their implications for the addiction process. An emphasis on pharmacological effects of tolerance, dependency/withdrawal, cross addiction and drug addiction are covered. Understanding common patterns and causes of drug use among subcultures of diverse populations is included. Included in the curriculum to fulfill requirements for the Licensed Addiction Counselor (LAC) with the Behavioral Sciences Regulatory Board (BSRB). The program requires an addiction treatment focused practicum. Interested students should be advised by the social work adviser assigned to this program.

SCWK 541.  Women, Children and Poverty   (3).

General education social and behavioral sciences course. Cross-listed as WOMS 541. Addresses the problem of poverty among women in the U.S. today, and examines existing and proposed public policies designed to alleviate the problem. Explores theoretical models of poverty policy analysis and the role of values in their formulation and implementation. Discusses issues of age, race and family; special attention is given to poverty among Kansas families. Course includes diversity content. Prerequisite(s): 6 credit hours of social science.

SCWK 542.  International Social Work   (3).

Introduces the student to international social work and social welfare policy. Provides an overview of micro and macro practice outside of one's own culture and internationally that facilitates skill development in cross-cultural assessment and intervention at the individual, group and community levels. It includes a history of international social work, community and social development. Course examines social problems, policies, programs, services, and national and multinational responses as well as current trends in the global community.

SCWK 551.  Independent Studies   (1-3).

Individual projects for social work students who are capable of doing independent work in areas of special interest. Repeatable for credit up to 6 credit hours. Prerequisite(s): instructor's consent.

SCWK 559.  Successful Aging: Theory, Research and Practice   (3).

Cross-listed as PHS 559, PSY 559, PSY 559H, SOC 559, SOC 559H. Reviews current interventions which promote successful aging. Theoretical bases of this work in biomedical and life span/developmental psychology are featured. Intended for students in the College of Health Professions, Liberal Arts and Sciences, and Engineering. Course includes diversity content. Prerequisite(s): PHS 100, PSY 111, SCWK 201 or SOC 111.

SCWK 559H.  Successful Aging: Theory, Research and Practice Honors   (3).

Cross-listed as PHS 559, PSY 559, PSY 559H, SOC 559, SOC 559H. Reviews current interventions which promote successful aging. Theoretical bases of this work in biomedical and life span/developmental psychology are featured. Intended for students in the College of Health Professions, Liberal Arts and Sciences, and Engineering. Course includes diversity content. Prerequisite(s): PHS 100, PSY 111, SCWK 201 or SOC 111.

SCWK 571.  Contemporary Issues and Perspectives: LGBTQ   (3).

General education social and behavioral sciences course. Cross-listed as WOMS 571. Explores contemporary issues within the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer communities. Explores personal attitudes regarding the social context for LGBTQ persons as well as other issues which have emerged as matters of concern and celebration with LGBTQ individuals and communities. Empowerment principles are employed and used to highlight a positive and affirming framework of the LGBTQ community. Students acquire basic skills in understanding issues of diversity and other contemporary conditions of life and culture. Course includes diversity content.

SCWK 572.  Social Work Practice with Families of Diverse Cultures   (3).

Introduces students to the global context of working with diverse families. Provides students with working knowledge, skills, and practice models for developing cultural competence when working with diverse families. Enhances students’ knowledge, skills and ethics to contribute to more effective and competent practice with diverse families. Course includes diversity content.

SCWK 590.  Domestic Violence   (3).

Cross-listed as WOMS 580J, CJ 522. Deals with the roots of domestic violence embedded in family roles, legal systems, religious beliefs, and the psychology of women, children and men. Also covers the consequences and prevention of family abuse. Includes discussion of literature and films. Course includes diversity content.

SCWK 610.  Topics in Social Work   (1-3).

An umbrella course created to explore a variety of subtopics differentiated by letter (e.g., 610A, 610B). Not all subtopics are offered each semester – see the course schedule for availability. Students enroll in the lettered courses with specific topics in the titles rather than in this root course. Prerequisite(s): instructor's or program consent.

SCWK 610AA.  Child Abuse and Neglect: The Role of Child Welfare Agencies   (3).

Cross-listed as CJ 581Y, SOC 581. Examines the Kansas foster care system from multiple perspectives, including those of social workers, law enforcement and attorneys. Topics covered include services provided to juveniles in the custody of the state, neglect and abuse investigations, government policies affecting youth, the impact of the juvenile criminal justice system, and civil rights litigation involving youth in custody. Students become acquainted with the role of the foster care system, relevant statutory and Supreme Court case law, and law enforcement practices.

SCWK 610G.  Policy and Practice with Aging   (3).

Introduces the student to policy and practice with aging. Provides major bio-psycho-social theories and frameworks used to explain the aging process within the individual and its impact on the family, community and larger society. Explains the effect of ageism on older adults and the variations in aging experiences for older adults of diverse racial/ethnic, cultural, social class, health status and sexual orientation backgrounds. Presents culturally appropriate policy and programs and skills for providing culturally adequate practice for diverse racial/ethnic older adults. Discusses social aspects of aging as they relate to family roles and responsibilities and social support networks. Introduces major aging policies and programs through analyzing the structure of the American political system, the major stages in the policy process, and the roles and interaction of the various civic elements of society. Students learn from their projects, class discussion and debates, and videos.

SCWK 611.  Special Topics in Social Work   (1-3).

An umbrella course created to explore a variety of subtopics differentiated by letter (e.g., 611A, 611B). Not all subtopics are offered each semester – see the course schedule for availability. Students enroll in the lettered courses with specific topics in the titles rather than in this root course. Prerequisite(s): instructor's or program consent.

SCWK 611T.  Creative Techniques and Skills in Practice with Adolescent Girls   (1-3).

Introduces the techniques and practice of interpersonal skills with adolescent girls. Focuses on development of skills and knowledge to better work with this population, in a manner that acknowledges and addresses the risks and strengths of adolescent girls. Course is didactic as well as interactive and includes experiential learning.

SCWK 611U.  International Child Welfare   (3).

Focuses on human rights issues affecting children in the welfare system around the globe. Topics include issues of adoption, foster care, kinship care, placement permanency, child welfare workers burnout, organizational factors in effective child welfare globally and others. These issues are discussed from comparative historical, cultural, economic and societal perspectives. Students actively engage in creating solutions for domestic child welfare issues based on international best practices. The overarching goal is to develop problem-solving skills for responding to U.S.-based child welfare challenges by the integration of international best practices in this field and building students’ skills in recognizing global diversity of childhood experiences. Employs high-impact educational practices including collaborative projects, experiential learning and exposure to global differences. Course includes diversity content.

SCWK 700.  Foundations of Generalist Practice I   (3).

Provides content in the knowledge and skills for empowerment-based generalist social work practice with individuals, families, groups, organizations and communities. Includes professional role development, communication and interviewing theory, skill development in social work assessment, intervention and evaluation methods. Prerequisite(s): degree admission to MSW program. Corequisite(s): SCWK 720.

SCWK 702.  Foundations of Generalist Practice II   (3).

Provides continued social work practice content emphasizing developing generalist knowledge and skill at the group, organizational, community and societal levels. Emphasizes material on group process, and organizational and community leadership in the development of a problem-solving model for work with systems of all sizes. Prerequisite(s): SCWK 700, degree admission to MSW program. Corequisite(s): SCWK 721.

SCWK 710.  Micro Human Behavior and the Social Environment   (3).

Provides theories and knowledge of human bio-psycho-social development and functioning of individuals and families, and of the transaction between individuals and families and their environment. Presents theoretical perspectives on development over the life span and family functioning. Explores areas of universality and differences across gender, race, ethnicity, class, physical and mental ability, and sexual orientation. Prerequisite(s): degree admission to MSW program. Corequisite(s): SCWK 717.

SCWK 712.  Macro Human Behavior and the Social Environment   (3).

Provides theories and generalist content on organizational and community structure, dynamics and change, social movements, large groups and structural oppression, and provides a theory base for the contextualization of social work practice within diverse environments and macro systems. Emphasizes understanding the needs of minority communities and understanding change and empowerment strategies which further social justice in communities and organizations. Prerequisite(s): SCWK 710, degree admission to MSW program. Corequisite(s): SCWK 751.

SCWK 717.  Policy I: Social Welfare and Analysis   (3).

Surveys social welfare institutions, emphasizing the strengths and weaknesses of programs within the context of the social problems they address. The comparison of these structures and provisions enables the development and use of frameworks for analyzing social policies and evaluating programs in light of the mission of the social work profession, the principles of social and economic justice, and the historical, economic and political factors which impinge on policy. Content on the effects of policy and social work practice includes the uses of professional roles in shaping the processes of policy formulation in agency and governmental arenas. Prerequisite(s): degree admission to the MSW program. Corequisite(s): SCWK 710.

SCWK 720.  Field Practicum I   (4).

Placement in community social service agencies for supervised periods of observation and direct service assignments emphasizing development of basic practice knowledge and skills. Promotes an understanding of the social service agency and its role in the community service network. Corequisite(s): SCWK 700.

SCWK 721.  Field Practicum II   (4).

Requires placement in community social service agencies for supervised periods of observation and direct service assignments emphasizing development of basic practice knowledge and skills. Promotes an understanding of the social service agency and its role in the community service network. Corequisite(s): SCWK 702.

SCWK 730.  Graduate Topics in Social Work   (1-3).

An umbrella course created to explore a variety of subtopics differentiated by letter (e.g., 730A, 730B). Not all subtopics are offered each semester – see the course schedule for availability. Students enroll in the lettered courses with specific topics in the titles rather than in this root course.

SCWK 730U.  Explore Animal Assisted Therapy   (1).

An introduction to Animal Assisted Therapy: definition, criteria and comparison/contrast of the multiple ways that animals and humans function within the animal/human relationship and bond. This course explores the modalities in which both untrained volunteers and professional practitioners utilize various animals to assist in working with a variety of client services. The focus of this course is on AAT in social work services, but much of the material presented is applicable to other human service disciplines as well.

SCWK 750.  Social Work Workshops   (2-5).

An umbrella course created to explore a variety of subtopics differentiated by letter (e.g., 750A, 750B). Not all subtopics are offered each semester – see the course schedule for availability. Students enroll in the lettered courses with specific topics in the titles rather than in this root course.

SCWK 751.  Fundamentals of Social Work Research   (3).

Introduces students to the components of quantitative and qualitative research methods and describes how research is designed to conduct studies which seek to improve social work practice. Introduces the basic concepts of the social work research process as well as the methods that are employed. Students develop a framework for critically evaluating (1) methods employed in current social work research, and (2) potential benefits of applying these research findings to social work practice. Course includes service-learning content. Prerequisite(s): degree admission to the MSW program. Corequisite(s): SCWK 712.

SCWK 760.  Advanced Generalist Practice Seminar I   (1).

Builds on the graduate social work student's knowledge, experience and skills by integrating social work theory, values, ethics, methodology and literature. It is based in the generalist perspective and prepares students for the advanced generalist practice curriculum. This course is a prerequisite to all 800-level MSW core courses and must be completed in the summer before beginning the advanced generalist 800-level courses. Prerequisite(s): degree admission to the MSW program.

SCWK 799.  Directed Study   (1-3).

Individual study with a focus developed in collaboration with a departmental faculty member. Allows students to pursue an area of special interest. Repeatable for credit up to 6 hours. Prerequisite(s): departmental consent.

SCWK 800.  Thesis   (1-3).

Student-driven research experience to address a specific research question. Potential topics should be formulated by the student and discussed with their advisor.

SCWK 810.  Cultural Competency for Advanced Generalist Practice   (3).

Examines the impact of culture, race and ethnicity on client/worker interactions. Presents practice theories and interventions for culturally competent advanced generalist practice with different populations. Emphasizes experiential learning of cultural competence skills to provide services cross-culturally. Prerequisite(s): SCWK 760 and degree admission to the MSW program.

SCWK 811BA.  Badge: Specialty Clinical Certification - Clinical Assessment   (1).

Intended for advanced practitioners who provide clinical services to clients with co-occurring behavioral health needs and intellectual/developmental disabilities. Includes professionals licensed by the Kansas Behavioral Sciences Regulatory Board and those interested in obtaining national certification through NADD, an association for people with dual diagnosis. Covers the core competency of clinical assessment as defined by NADD benchmarks for clinical excellence in IDD-MI dual diagnosis best practice. Clinical assessment is an examination into a person’s mental health conducted by a professional who is trained and credentialed within his/her own discipline with the purpose of arriving at a mental health diagnosis or arriving at a formulation of a person’s problems. The expected outcome of a clinical assessment is to recommend relevant treatment, intervention and supports consistent with the findings of the examination. For graduate credit only. Graded Bg/NBg. Course includes diversity content.

SCWK 811BB.  Badge: Specialty Clinical Certification - Psychotherapy   (1).

Intended for advanced practitioners who provide clinical services to clients with co-occurring behavioral health needs and intellectual/developmental disabilities. Includes professionals licensed by the Kansas Behavioral Sciences Regulatory Board and those interested in obtaining national certification through NADD, an association for people with dual diagnosis. Students learn to employ a comprehensive assessment strategy that addresses the full array of bio-psycho-social factors that may be relevant to the individual’s clinical presentation and learn strategies for planning psychotherapeutic interventions and adaptations that meet the specific needs of the individual being treated. For graduate credit only. Graded Bg/NBg.

SCWK 811BC.  Badge: Specialty Clinical Certification - Positive Behavior Supports an Effective Environments   (1).

Intended for advanced practitioners providing clinical services to clients with co-occurring behavioral health needs and intellectual/developmental disabilities. Includes professionals licensed by the Kansas Behavioral Sciences Regulatory Board and those interested in obtaining national certification through NADD, an association for people with dual diagnosis. Covers the core competency of clinical assessment as defined by NADD benchmarks for clinical excellence in IDD-MI dual diagnosis best practice. Clinical assessment is an examination into a person’s mental health conducted by a professional trained and credentialed within his/her own discipline with the purpose of arriving at a mental health diagnosis or arriving at a formulation of a person’s problems. The expected outcome of a clinical assessment is to recommend relevant treatment, intervention and supports consistent with the findings of the examination. For graduate credit only. Graded Bg/NBg. Course includes diversity content.

SCWK 811BD.  Badge: Specialty Clinical Certification - Assessment of Medical Issues   (0.5).

The course is intended for advanced practitioners who provide clinical services to clients with co-occuring behavioral health needs and intellectual/developmental disabilities. The content addresses the core competency of assessment of medical issues as defined by NADD benchmarks for clinical excellence in IDD-MI dual diagnosis best practice. Medical illness can have a profound effect on brain functioning. Being aware of these conditions can improve the quality of life for many individuals with IDD. It can also be helpful in minimizing psychiatric misdiagnosis and inappropriate pharmacotherapies. The student is not expected to be able to make medical diagnoses but to have an elevated index of suspicion for their presence. For graduate credit only. Graded Bg/NBg. Course includes diversity content.

SCWK 811BE.  Badge: Specialty Clinical Certification - Psychopharmacology   (0.5).

The course is intended for advanced practitioners who provide clinical services to clients with co-occurring behavioral health needs and intellectual/developmental disabilities. The content addresses the core competency of psychopharmacology as defined by NADD benchmarks for clinical excellence in IDD-MI dual diagnosis best practice. In this context, psychopharmacology refers to the use of drugs that affect the central nervous system in the treatment of both challenging behaviors and psychiatric disorders. Students are equipped to engage in multidisciplinary teams and effectively monitor psychopharmacology interventions prescribed to their clients. For graduate credit only. Graded Bg/NBg. Course includes diversity content.

SCWK 811BF.  Badge: Specialty Clinical Certification - Preparing to Demonstrate Mastery   (0.5).

The course is intended for advanced practitioners who provide clinical services to clients with co-occurring behavioral health needs and intellectual/developmental disabilities. This course covers the requirements for certification by NADD and prepares students to demonstrate mastery of the benchmarks for clinical excellence in IDD-MI dual diagnosis best practice. The clinician seeking certification is required to demonstrate mastery of the following five competency areas: clinical assessment, psychotherapy, positive behavior supports and effective environments, assessment of medical issues, and psychopharmacology. Credentialing requires eligible professionals to submit a work sample and participate in an oral exam or interview. This course helps the student prepare to make the application to NADD for this nationally recognized certification. For graduate credit only. Graded Bg/NBg. Course includes diversity content.

SCWK 816.  Advanced Generalist Practice with Individuals   (3).

Develops the advanced generalist practice competencies needed for intervention with individual clients. Evidence-based theories and practice intervention strategies are applied. Advanced generalist practice skills in work with clients from diverse backgrounds are developed, and critical thinking skills are enhanced in developing an advanced generalist practice perspective integrating individual clients with larger social systems. Prerequisite(s): SCWK 760, degree admission to the MSW program. Corequisite(s): SCWK 822.

SCWK 817.  Policy II: Advocacy and Social Justice   (3).

Provides students with advanced generalist skills, knowledge and ethics for advanced policy practice roles within social agencies, communities and political arenas. Examines the history, strategies and approaches to advocacy and policy/program planning and development. Students demonstrate advanced skills in working with communities and policy processes on multiple levels. Prerequisite(s): SCWK 760, degree admission to the MSW program. Corequisite(s): SCWK 833.

SCWK 821.  Advanced Generalist Summer Practicum Seminar   (1-3).

Requires placement in a community social service agency for supervised periods applying direct and indirect practice. Provides students the opportunity to integrate and apply advanced generalist practice theory within their field experience. Students are required to demonstrate increased knowledge and skills in practice, research and evaluation across multi-level systems. Requires up to 100 hours of practicum service during the summer semester. Course counts as 1 credit hour toward required MSW program electives. Prerequisite(s): SCWK 760 and approval by practicum office.

SCWK 822.  Field Practicum III   (4).

Placement in community social service agencies for supervised periods applying direct and indirect practice. Provides students the opportunity to integrate and apply advanced generalist practice theory within their field experience. Students are required to demonstrate increased knowledge and skills in practice, research and evaluation across multi-level systems. Prerequisite(s): SCWK 760, degree admission to the MSW program. Corequisite(s): SCWK 816.

SCWK 823.  Field Practicum IV   (4).

Continuation of SCWK 822. Placement in community social service agencies for supervised periods applying direct and indirect practice. Provides students an advanced opportunity to integrate and apply advanced generalist practice theory within their field experience. Students are required to demonstrate advanced knowledge and skills in practice, research and evaluation across multi-level systems. Prerequisite(s): SCWK 760, SCWK 822, degree admission to the MSW program. Corequisite(s): SCWK 860 and SCWK 899.

SCWK 832.  Social Work Practice in the Schools   (3).

Conveys an understanding of systematic intervention in schools using various intervention modalities. Focuses on the roles of social workers in schools, including provision of direct service, consultation, advocacy, program development and evaluation, as well as liaison functions with families and community systems. Students integrate an understanding of child development, familial and school crises that affect child development and the importance of the social worker/parent relationship. Prerequisite(s): SCWK 760.

SCWK 833.  Advanced Generalist Practice with Families and Groups   (3).

Develops the advanced generalist practice competencies needed for intervention with families and groups. Evidence-based theories and practice intervention strategies are applied. Advanced generalist practice skills in work with families and groups from diverse backgrounds are developed, and critical thinking skills are enhanced in developing an advanced generalist practice perspective integrating families and group client systems with larger social systems. Prerequisite(s): SCWK 760, degree admission to the MSW program. Corequisite(s): SCWK 817.

SCWK 840.  Advanced Graduate Topics in Social Work   (1-3).

An umbrella course created to explore a variety of subtopics differentiated by letter (e.g., 840A, 840B). Not all subtopics are offered each semester – see the course schedule for availability. Students enroll in the lettered courses with specific topics in the titles rather than in this root course.

SCWK 840M.  Social Work Practice with Compassion and Mindfulness   (3).

Explores the use of mindfulness and compassion in social work practice settings. Students learn about the importance of using mindfulness and compassion for self-care as well as client care. Students explore mindfulness and compassion through the trinity of mind, body and spirit, and learn techniques and skills to incorporate into practice.

SCWK 840N.  Brief Solution-Based Treatment   (1).

Offers an overview of the techniques of Solution-Based Therapy. Explores the history and usefulness of this treatment modality. Students learn basic therapeutic interventions used in this area of practice. This two-day training provides a solid introduction to solution-focused treatment. Introduces solution-focused coaching techniques and also offers the student practice time using these new tools. Participants learn how to work effectively using this style of intervention and how to productively engage with externally motivated clients and families, work effectively with ambivalent clients, understand and use a system’s perspective in order to support and enhance motivation for change with clients currently seeking a better existence.

SCWK 840P.  Social Work Practice using Biofeedback   (3).

Introduction to the use of biofeedback and neurofeedback. Covers the history of biofeedback, overview of learning theories, research methods, and stress and bio-psycho-social models of stress and illness. Covers the principles of self-regulation, mind-body interaction, the basics of instrumentation and treatment applications, and professional ethical conduct in the helping professions.

SCWK 840R.  Attachment and Trauma: The Effects on Individuals, Groups and Communities   (3).

Provides a thorough review of theories of attachment as well as the background research of the prominent minds behind them. The core elements of the three primary theories of attachment; secure, anxious and avoidant are more deeply explored. Additionally, the effects of trauma on attachment at the micro, mezzo and macro level are addressed, and possible interventions at each level explored.

SCWK 840S.  Clinical Social Work with Couples and Families   (3).

Develops the advanced generalist practice competencies needed for clinical intervention with couples and families. Evidence-based theories for assessment and intervention strategies are applied. Advanced generalist practice skills in work with couples and other families from diverse backgrounds are developed. As a practice-oriented course, it emphasizes the development of professional skills in working with the family across the lifespan. Course includes diversity content. Prerequisite(s): degree admission to the MSW program. Pre- or corequisite(s): SCWK 760.

SCWK 851.  Applied Social Work Research   (3).

Prepares students to be ethical practitioners who assess the benefits of social work interventions on an ongoing basis. Because of the importance of evaluation in social work, students develop the research skills needed to evaluate their own practice, conduct program evaluations, use the computer as a research tool, and interpret descriptive and inferential statistics. Prerequisite(s): SCWK 760, degree admission to the MSW program. Corequisite(s): SCWK 816, 822.

SCWK 860.  Advanced Generalist Practice Administrating Organizations and Communities   (3).

Develops the advanced generalist practice competencies needed for administrative and supervisory intervention with organizations and communities. Evidence-based theories and practice intervention strategies are applied. Provides advanced generalist practice skills in administrating, leading and managing organizations, and intervening with diverse communities. Prerequisite(s): SCWK 760, 816, degree admission to the MSW program. Corequisite(s): SCWK 823, 899.

SCWK 870.  Clinical Assessment for Advanced Generalist Practice   (3).

Uses a bio-psycho-social perspective to understand problematic patterns of functioning identified as diagnoses in the DSM 5. Students critically examine the DSM 5 as a basis for social work assessment and learn its use within an advanced generalist practice perspective. Pre- or corequisite(s): SCWK 760.

SCWK 899.  Advanced Generalist Practice Seminar II   (1).

Requires students to apply advanced generalist practice skills and knowledge to a final project. The project demonstrates mastery of the competencies required of a specialist practitioner. Graduating students are required to develop and present their completed projects. Professional development, licensure and continuing education are also discussed. Prerequisite(s): SCWK 760, degree admission to the MSW program. Corequisite(s): SCWK 823, SCWK 860.